Drones are unmanned Ariel vehicles whose flight is controlled by remotes and wireless control systems.
The drone to the today's world is an unmanned aerial vehicle or UAV that is either operated by human from remote location or it can work autonomously as per set mode.
In simple words, a drone is machine which is controlled wirelessly without a pilot.
The aircrafts are usually controlled from a dedicated remote unit and they can manage all things in air due to an intelligent software program. It possesses so many on board working sensors like GPS etc. that assists in proper flight mode controls.
Drones are made up of few parts. They are made up of blades, motors, a motor speed controller (usually refered to as electronic speed controller (ESC)), battery and wireless control circuit.
Basic parts of a drone.
- Blades: It is use for producing downward air movement. That blades are use for producing downward flow of air necessary to generate an upthrust of the drone.
- Motor speed controller: it's a circuit also refered to as electronic speed controller. It is use for controlling motors speed, which now then used to control the direction and flight of the drone.
- Battery: it is use for supplying stable DC to the drone's motors and circuit. Most times, light batteries are usually used. lithium polymer batteries are are use for supplying current to the drone because of it less weight and much capacity.
- Wireless control systems: this circuit is use for controlling the drone's flight and direction wirelessly, by instructing the electronic control speed over long distances without the need of wires.
How do drones works?
Simply, a drone is made up of four blades, each producing air downward when it's spins.
The air produced downwards exerts an upthrust which can move it upward, if enough thrust is produced by the air. That means, more air produced downwards is equals to large upthrust.
When the four blades are spinning at high speed air is produced, if the amount of air produced by each blades of a drone, the drone exprience thrust, it moves upward.
According to Newton second law of motion. Action and reaction are equal and opposite, that simply means, when much amount of air is expelled downwards by each blades, the drone will simply move upward and float in air.
To control the movement of the drone we have to control the speed of the blades, this is where the electronic speed controller comes into operation. The electronic speed controller is connected wirelessly to a remote control which controls the direction of movement of the drone by sending analog signals to the ESC.
The ESC is wired to a demodulator which then converts the analog signals from the remote control into a
electric signals which is then use to control the drones speed.
Blades with less speed will simply tilt, causing the drone to bend and perform actions such as bending and rotation.
Drone power depends on the motor's speed, the battery and weight of the drone and mostly the size of the blades.
Most big drones have long blades for expelling large amount air needed to generate enough upthrust.