Radio Wave Transmission And Generation

Radio waves are a type of the electromagnetic radiation whose wavelength is longer than that of infrared light.

They are high frequency electromagnetic radiation that can travel over thousands of miles without loosing energy. Radio wave frequency ranges from 300 gigahertz (GHz) to 30 hertz (Hz), their wavelength is 1mm long at 300 Hz and 10,000km at 30Hz.

Different frequencies of radio waves have different propagation characteristics in the Earth's atmosphere. 

long waves can diffract around obstacles like mountains and follow the contour of the earth (ground waves), shorter waves can reflect off the ionosphere and return to earth beyond the horizon (skywaves), while much shorter wavelengths bend or diffract very little and travel on a line of sight, so their propagation distances are limited to the visual horizon. 

Radio waves as an electromagnetic wave, can  travel in vacuum at the speed of light, and in the Earth's atmosphere at a close, but slightly lower speed. 

Radio waves are generated from the oscilation and vibration of negatively charged particles(electrons) what does this means? 

It means that radio waves are generated from the oscilation of electrons in a metallic conductor at high frequency.  They have properties just like other waves exhibiting reflection, diffraction and polarisation. 

Naturally occurring radio waves are emitted by lightning and astronomical objects, and are part of the blackbody radiation emitted by all warm objects.

Radio waves are produced artificially by transmitters and received by radio receiver by means of antennas. They are widely used in modern technology for fixed and mobile radio communication, broadcasting, radar and radio navigation systems, communications satellites, wireless computer networks and many other applications. 

When two radio stations near each order are propagating radio waves with the same frequencies, they interfere, and radio recievers won't be able to receive either of the waves.

To abort this, the International Telecommunications Union(ITU), defines waves as "electromagnetic waves of frequencies arbitrarily lower than 3 000 GHz, propagated in space without artificial guide". The radio spectrum is divided into a number of radio bands on the basis of frequency, allocated to different uses.  

Applications of radio waves.

Radio waves are used for wireless transmission of sound messages, signals and  information, for communication, as well as for maritime and aircraft navigation. 

It is use by radio stations and TV stations for broadcasting media and information.

Our smartphones used radio waves to communicate(call) and connect to the internet due to their efficiency in transmiting information wirelessly over a very long distance.

Radio waves are use for communication in space because they are electromagnetic and they can travel through vaccum.